The NERA Journal, created in 1998, is a publication of the Center for Studies, Research, and Projects on Agrarian Reform (NERA), affiliated with the Department of Geography and the Postgraduate Program in Geography of the College of Science and Technology (FCT) at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente campus. It is a free, online, continuously published periodical, with an editorial focus on themes related to the agrarian question, land struggle, agrarian reform, socioterritorial movements, peasantry, agribusiness, agriculture, public policies, countryside education, rural-urban relationship, gender, labor and agroecology. The journal publishes original articles in Portuguese, Spanish, French and English.

Since 2015, NERA Journal has been undergoing a process of internationalization. With this in mind, international researchers have been included in the editorial board, such as Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris from Cardiff University, Hannah Wittman from the University of British Columbia (UBC) and Wendy Wolford from Cornell University. The same applies to the scientific board, currently composed of researchers from Latin America, North America and Europe. In addition to international reviewers, it is important to highlight that, in the case of national reviewers, NERA Journal values regional and gender diversity in the composition of the board. Article evaluation forms are constantly updated to ensure the best possible evaluation of submissions to the journal.

In recent years, NERA Journal has also increased the number of articles published in other languages, particularly in English, in addition to expanding the dissemination of these works on social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.

The editorial team of NERA Journal has been actively participating in geography editor forums since 2015 (organized within the scope of the National Association of Postgraduate Studies and Research in Geography - ANPEGE) and at UNESP since 2017, with the aim of enhancing the editorial guidelines of the journal. Since 2020 the journal has been affiliated with the Brazilian Association of Scientific Editors (ABEC). Furthermore, since 2021, Digital Object Identifier (DOI) has been assigned to all published articles. Since 2018 NERA Journal has been competing in calls for proposals from the Vice-Presidency for Research (PROPe) with the aim of obtaining funding for DOI and article translation.

In 2017, NERA Journal was classified by QUALIS CAPES (2013-2016 quadrennium) as A2, and in 2022 (2017-2020 quadrennium), as A1.

The NERA Journal is an Open Access journal, which determines that the author owns the copyright and has permission to place copies of the article in other repositories. It also corresponds to the condition in which the copyright holder of a Academic work grants use rights to others with an open license, allowing immediate free access to the work and allowing any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full texts of articles, crawl them for indexing , transmit it as data to software or use it for any other lawful purpose. The NERA Journal uses the Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 Attribution 4.0 International. The NERA Journal offers all its published content free of charge to be browsed, downloaded and distributed. The NERA Journal follows the SciELO Brasil Open Science Compliance Form.

The NERA Journal operates in accordance with the ethical principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Code of Ethics American Educational Research Association, the Code of Good Scientific Practices of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and the Council of Science Editors (CSE) regarding publication.

In order to promote research integrity, strengthen transparency in the process, and uphold ethical standards, all material submitted and published in NERA Journal must adhere to the Guidelines for Best Practices to Strengthen Ethics in Scientific Publishing and the Open Science Compliance Form.

The NERA Journal adopts the definition of misconduct as outlined by the Office Research Integrity (ORI), which consists of: i) Plagiarism: the appropriation of ideas, processes, results, or words of another person without proper credit. Self-plagiarism should also be avoided; ii) Falsification: manipulating materials, equipment, or research processes, omitting data or results, so that the research is not accurately represented in the research record; iii) Fabrication: inventing data or results, whether through recording or reporting.

These misconducts result in ethical violations, leading to works based on the presentation of falsified data, data manipulation, procedures, and results, as well as the improper appropriation of third-party ideas without proper recognition. Until February 2024, all manuscripts submitted to NERA Journal were checked using the plagiarism detection software "Plagius". Starting from March 2024, submitted files are checked using "iThenticate". Manuscripts with detected plagiarism are automatically rejected, and authors are notified. NERA Journal understands that good research practices and ethics also involve the evaluation process and therefore has guidelines for scientific assessment. Among the main elements are: conflicts of interest; non-disclosure of the manuscript to third parties; and the political importance of the assessment.

Manuscripts submitted to NERA Journal cannot be submitted to any other journal while under review. The practice of submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal is considered duplicate publication. The practice of improperly dividing study results into more than one article is understood as redundant publication and, if detected, results in the rejection of the article. Such actions constitute ethical violations.

If any research misconduct or unethical behavior is detected by the authors, the submission will be automatically archived. In cases of reports of research misconduct or unethical behavior by authors in already published manuscripts, the report will be internally investigated, and the manuscript will be removed from the system.

The NERA Journal focuses on publishing original articles that are the result of research on topics related to agrarian question (such as land struggle, agrarian reform, socioterritorial movements, peasantry, agribusiness, agriculture, public policies, countryside education, rural-urban relationship, gender, labor and agroecology). The aim is to contribute to knowledge construction through scientific communication and facilitate conditions for debate within Agrarian Geography. The NERA Journal publishes original articles resulting from research and critical reviews of books related to agrarian question. Authors are required to declare that their manuscript is unpublished and is not being submitted or under review elsewhere.

The NERA Journal follows the standards defined in the Digital Preservation Policy program of the SciELO Program.

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Journal Title: Revista NERA
Abbreviated Title: Rev. NERA
Published by: São Paulo State University (UNESP); Department of Geography; Centre of Research, Studies and Projects of Agrarian Reform
Frequency: Quarterly
Publication Mode: Continuous Publication
Year of Journal Establishment: 1998

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Authors are encouraged to preprint the articles submitted for evaluation on reliable preprint servers. A preprint is a manuscript ready for submission to a journal and deposited on reliable preprint servers before or in parallel with journal submission. This practice, along with continuous publication, serves as mechanisms to expedite research communication. In this case, authors should contact the editors of Revista NERA before manuscript submission for further information on the process and to sign the Open Science Compliance Form, available here. We emphasize that the manuscript should only be published after evaluation by the scientific board of Revista NERA.

Manuscripts submitted to Revista NERA undergo an initial desk review before being forwarded for scientific evaluation. Manuscripts are automatically archived when: i) they are not suitable for Revista NERA's scope; ii) they are not formatted according to the author guidelines; iii) they do not comply with Revista NERA's editorial policies (including absence of individual contribution statement and plagiarism); iv) they lack clear objectives and methodological procedures; v) they do not represent research findings.

Starting from November 2022, Revista NERA has adopted the informed peer review model, in which manuscripts will be published with the identification of the associate editor responsible for the editorial process of the article. All received manuscripts are sent to two members of the scientific board for evaluation. Reviewers do not have access to the authors' identities, and vice versa. In case of discrepant editorial decisions, the manuscript is forwarded for a third evaluation.

The NERA Journal encourages authors to submit, whenever possible, databases and other materials for dissemination, serving as resources for further research. All tables, images, maps, and other graphic elements should be submitted as supplementary documents. Revista NERA follows the guidelines established within the framework of the Guide for promoting openness, transparency, and reproducibility of research published by SciELO journals. Additionally, we recommend the list of repositories for depositing research data recommended by SciELO Brazil.

The NERA Journal does not charge any fees for submission processing (submission fees, editorial processing fees, Article Processing Charges (APCs), or page fees), nor for the processes of review, publication, distribution, or download.

The NERA Journal operates in accordance with the ethical principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Code of Ethics American Educational Research Association, the Code of Good Scientific Practices of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), and the Council of Science Editors (CSE) regarding publication.

To promote research integrity, strengthen transparency in the process, and ensure the highest ethical standards, all material submitted and published in NERA Journal must adhere to the Guidelines for Good Practices to Strengthen Ethics in Scientific Publishing and the Open Science Compliance Form.

The NERA Journal adopts the definition of misconduct as outlined by the Office of Research Integrity (ORI), which includes: i) Plagiarism: the appropriation of ideas, processes, results, or words of another person without proper credit. Self-plagiarism should also be avoided; ii) Falsification: manipulating materials, equipment, or research processes, omitting data or results, so that the research is not accurately represented in the research record; iii) Fabrication: inventing data or results, whether through recording or reporting.

These misconducts result in ethical violations, leading to works based on the presentation of falsified data, data manipulation, procedures, and results, as well as the improper appropriation of ideas from third parties without proper recognition. Until February 2024, all manuscripts submitted to NERA Journal were checked for similarity using the "Plagius" software during the desk review process. Starting from March 2024, NERA Journal began using "iThenticate". Manuscripts with identified plagiarism are automatically rejected, and authors are notified. NERA Journal does not have a defined similarity rate considered acceptable, as the editorial board believes that each submitted manuscript should be individually assessed to determine the nature of the similarity.

The NERA Journal understands that good research practices and ethics also involve the evaluation process, and therefore, it has guidelines for scientific evaluation. Among the key elements are: conflicts of interest; non-disclosure of the manuscript to third parties; and the political significance of the review.

Manuscripts submitted to NERA Journal cannot be submitted to any other journal while under review. The practice of submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal is considered duplicate publication. The practice of inadequately dividing study results into more than one article is understood as redundant publication and, if detected, results in the rejection of the article. Such actions constitute ethical violations.

If any research misconduct or unethical behavior is detected by the authors during the evaluation stage, the submission will be automatically archived.

In cases of reports of research misconduct or unethical behavior by authors in already published manuscripts, the report will be internally investigated, and if confirmed, the manuscript must be retracted by the authors. 

Retractation is a public mechanism used to address issues with a manuscript that has already been published (partial retractation) or to announce its cancellation (total retractation). The primary goal of the retractation policy is to uphold the integrity of scientific research and maintain readers' trust in the quality of the journal. The decision to retract a manuscript is made with a commitment to ensuring ethics and credibility within the academic realm. Revista NERA adheres to the guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Retraction Guidelines and the SciELO Brazil Collection Retraction Registration and Publication Guide. Retractions will be published only after analysis and authorization by the editorial board. Retractations may occur in the following cases: 1. Manuscripts that accuse the improper use of data and research published by third parties; 2. Manuscripts with improper authorship, such as the exclusion of co-authors who did not contribute to the work; 3. Evidence that research data and information have been falsified, fabricated, or altered to achieve desired results; 4. Manuscripts with duplicate publication, meaning they are under review or have already been published by another journal; 5. Manuscripts that contain information disseminated without proper authorization for use; 6.Correction of information or data in previously published manuscripts (does not include updates of information or changes to theoretical references). Retractions will not be conducted in the following cases: 1. Authorship is disputed, but there is no reason to doubt the validity of the results; 2. The main results of the work are still reliable, and a correction could adequately address errors or concerns; 3) Inconclusive evidence to justify retraction or awaiting additional information, such as an institutional investigation; 4. Conflicts of interest reported to the journal after publication, but in the editorial board's assessment, these conflicts are not believed to have influenced the article's interpretations, recommendations, or conclusions Retractions will be published on the official Revista NERA page, following the guidelines of the SciELO Brazil Collection Guide for the registration and publication of retractions.. Retractations will be linked to the retracted manuscripts through identification of the article and authorship.

Conflicts of interest can be of a personal, commercial, political, academic, or financial nature. Conflicts of interest may arise among authors, reviewers, or editors. Authors must disclose any and all conflicts of interest that have arisen during the development of the submission. Additionally, upon manuscript submission, authors are responsible for acknowledging and disclosing financial or other conflicts that may have influenced the work. If there is, even potentially, a conflict of interest, the author(s) must disclose it in a separate document signed and attached to the submission platform. For more information, see: Disclosure of Financial and Non-Financial Relationships and Activities, and Conflicts of Interest. The scientific board is instructed to disclose any and all conflicts of interest before accepting the task of scientific evaluation.

Until February 2024, all manuscripts submitted to NERA Journal were checked for similarity using the "Plagius" plagiarism detection software. Starting from March 2024, NERA Journal began utilizing the services of "iThenticate". Manuscripts with identified plagiarism are automatically rejected, and authors are notified.

All submitted manuscripts are checked for plagiarism using plagiarism detection software during the desk review stage (initial evaluation) before being forwarded to the scientific board. NERA Journal does not have a defined similarity rate considered acceptable, as the editorial board believes that each submitted manuscript should be individually assessed to determine the nature of the similarity.

The editorial team of NERA Journal, as well as the authors publishing in the journal, must always adhere to the guidelines on Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER). The SAGER guidelines encompass a set of directives that guide the reporting of information on sex and gender in the study design, data analysis, and in the results and interpretation of findings. Additionally, NERA Journal observes a gender equity policy in the formation of its editorial board.

In cases of manuscripts resulting from research involving human subjects, authors must attach a statement of approval from the ethics committee of the institution responsible for approving the research.

Articles published in NERA Journal must strictly adhere to the guidelines established by the Committee on Integrity in Scientific Activity of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). In case of any violation of these standards by any text, the article will be formally retracted, following the practice of the international scientific community. Submission of any text to NERA Journal implies full acceptance of this procedure. The ideas and concepts disseminated in the articles are the sole responsibility of the authors. The license used by NERA Journal is Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), which allows users to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The author retains copyright of the published article, and the journal retains the right of first publication.

Site Responsibility: The copyright terms applied to the published content must be clearly stated and separated from the copyright terms applied to the site.

Author Responsibility: The ideas and concepts disseminated in the articles are entirely the responsibility of the authors.

Confirm the license adopted by the journal https://br.creativecommons.org/licencas/: All content of the journal and articles published by Revista NERA, except where otherwise specified, are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCBY 4.0). Authors of articles published by Revista NERA retain the copyright of their works, licensing them under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows the articles to be reused and distributed without restriction, provided that the original work is properly cited. Revista NERA encourages authors to self-archive their accepted manuscripts by publishing them on personal blogs, institutional repositories, and academic social media, as well as posting them on their personal social media, provided that the full citation to the journal's website version is included.

Funding: PROPe Call 11/2024 – Institutional Support for Scientific Journals at UNESP – Vice-Presidency for Research of São Paulo State University (PROPe/UNESP).

• Lorena Izá Pereira, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Políticas Públicas e Relações Internacionais (IPPRI), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: iza.pereira@unesp.br
• Camila Ferracini Origuela, Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS), Passos, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: camila.ferracini@unesp.br
• Bernardo Mançano Fernandes, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: mancano.fernandes@unesp.br  
• Eduardo Paulon Girardi, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: eduardo.girardi@unesp.br

• Estevan Leopoldo de Freitas Coca, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Instituto de Ciências da Natureza (ICN), Alfenas, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: estevan.coca@unifal-mg.edu.br
• Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris, Cardiff University, School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff, País de Gales, Reino Unido. ORCID, E-mail: iorisa@cardiff.ac.uk
• Hannah Wittman, University of British Columbia (UBC), Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Vancouver, British Columbia/BC, Canadá. ORCID, E-mail: hannah.wittman@ubc.ca
• Wendy Wolford, Cornell University, Department of Global Development, Ithaca, New York/NY, Estados Unidos da América. ORCID, E-mail: www43@cornell.edu 

• Acácio Zuniga Leite – Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Brasília, Distrito Federal/DF, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: acacio_briozo@yahoo.com.br
• Aline Albuquerque Jorge – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.  Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: aline.albuquerque@unesp.br
• Andrea Gómez Herrera – Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail: andreagh90@gmail.com
• Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris – Cardiff University, School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff, País de Gales, Reino Unido. ORCID, E-mail: iorisa@cardiff.ac.uk
• Adriano Rodrigues de Oliveira – Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Instituto de Estudos Sócio-Ambientais (IESA), Goiânia, Goiás/GO, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: adriano.oliveira@ufg.br
• Ana Carolina Gonçalves Leite – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (CFCH), Recife, Pernambuco/PE, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: carolina.gleite@ufpe.br
• Ana Domínguez Sandoval – Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Facultad de Ciencias, Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguai. ORCID, E-mail: dominguezana68@gmail.com
• Ana Rute do Vale – Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Alfenas, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: ana.vale@unifal-mg.edu.br
• Brenna da Conceição Moizés  – Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (CCEN), João Pessoa, Paraíba/PB, Brasil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: brennaconceicao2@gmail.com
• Camila Dutra dos Santos – Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Fortaleza, Ceará/CE, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: camila.dutra@uece.br
• Carlos Alberto Feliciano – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: carlos.feliciano@unesp.br
• Carolina Russo Simon – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: carolina.simon@unesp.br
• Cassio Arruda Boechat – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais (CCHN), Vitória, Espírito Santo/ES, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: cassio.boechat@gmail.com
• Cristian Emanuel Jara – Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail: cristianjara_cl@hotmail.com
• Daniela Pessoa de Goes Calmon – International Institute of Social Studies (ISS), The Hague, Holanda do Sul, Holanda. ORCID, E-mail: danipgc@gmail.com 
• Danilo Borja – University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canadá. ORCID, E-mail: pablo.borja@ucalgary.ca
• Danilo Souza Melo – Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS), Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul/MS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: danilo.melo@ifms.edu.br
• Débora Assumpção e Lima – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Instituto de Geociências (IGC), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: deborassumpcaolima@gmail.com
• Diana Aguiar – Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Instituto de Humanidades, Artes e Ciências Professor Milton Santos (IHAC), Salvador, Bahia/BA, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: diana.aguiar@ufba.br
• Djoni Roos – Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Centro de Ciências Humanas, Educação e Letras (CCHEL), Mal. Cândido Rondon, Paraná/PR, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: djoni_roos@yahoo.com.br
• Emília de Rodat Fernandes Moreira – Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (CCEN), João Pessoa, Paraíba/PB, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: erodat@hotmail.com 
• Emiliano Ignacio Díaz Carnero – El Colegio de la Frontera Norte (COLEF), Unidad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez,  Chihuahua, México. OrcID.  E-mail:  emilianodc@colef.mx
• Emma Cardwell – Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, Inglaterra. ORCID, E-mail: e.j.cardwell@lancaster.ac.uk
• Erick Gabriel Jones Kluck – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais (CCHN), Vitória, Espírito Santo/ES, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: erick@alumni.usp.br
• Eraldo da Silva Ramos Filho - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Centro de Educação de Ciências Humanas, São Cristóvão, Sergipe/SE, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: eramosfilho@gmail.com
• Evandro César Clemente – Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Campus Avançado Jataí, Jataí, Goiás/GO, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: evandroclemente@yahoo.com.br
• Fábio Teixeira Pitta – Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH), São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: pittafabio@gmail.com
• Facundo Martín – Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail:  fdmartingarcia@gmail.com
• Felipe Rodrigues Leitão – Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Fortaleza, Ceará/CE, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: mr.feliper@gmail.com
• Fiorella Jara – Universidad de Costa Rica, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales,  San José, San José, Costa Rica. ORCID, E-mail: fiorella.jara@ucr.ac.cr
• Flamarion Dutra Alves – Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Alfenas, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: flamarion.dutra@unifal-mg.edu.br
• Flavio Bladimir Rodríguez Muñoz – Universidad Externado de Colômbia, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colômbia. ORCID, E-mail: flavio.rodriguez@uexternado.edu.co
• Francilane Eulália de Souza – Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), campus de Formosa, Formosa, Goiás/GO, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: francilanee@hotmail.com
• Francisco Hidalgo Flor – Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Quito, Pichincha, Equador. ORCID, E-mail: francisco.hidalgo.flor@gmail.com
• Gabriel Oyhantcabal Benelli – Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Facultad de Agronomía, Montevidéu, Montevidéu, Uruguai. ORCID. E-mail: gaboyha@fagro.edu.uy
• Gabriel Silvestre – Newcastle University, School of Architecture, Planning & Landscape, Tyne and Wear, Inglaterra. OrcID. E-mail:  gabriel.silvestre@ncl.ac.uk 
• Giseli Dalla Nora – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais (ICHS), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso/MT, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: giseli.nora@gmail.com
• Hannah Wittman – University of British Columbia (UBC), Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Vancouver, British Columbia/BC, Canadá. ORCID, E-mail: hannah.wittman@ubc.ca
• Hervé Théry – Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH), São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: hthery@aol.com
• Humberto Tommasino – Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Facultad de Veterinaria, Montevidéu, Montevidéu, Uruguai. ORCID, E-mail: htommasino@gmail.com
• Isaías Tobasura Acuña – Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colômbia. ORCID, E-mail: isaias.tobasura@ucaldas.edu.co
• Janaina Francisca de Souza Campos Vinha – Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Instituto de Educação, Letras, Artes, Ciências Humanas e Sociais (IELACHS), Uberaba, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: janadageo.unesp@yahoo.com.br
• Joana Tereza Vaz de Moura – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Centro de Ciências Humanas Letras e Artes, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte/RN, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: joanatereza@gmail.com
• João Cleps Júnior – Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Instituto de Geografia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais/MG, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: jcleps@ufu.br
• João Edmilson Fabrini – Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Faculdade de Ciencias Humanas (FCH), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul/MS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: joaofabrini@gmail.com
• José Antonio Segrelles Serrano – Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Alicante, Espanha. ORCID, E-mail: ja.segrelles@ua.es
• José Carlos Dantas – Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), campus de João Câmara, João Câmara, Rio Grande do Norte/RN, Brasil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: j_c_dantas@hotmail.com
• José Sobreiro Filho – Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Brasília, Distrito Federal/DF, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: sobreirounesp@gmail.com
• Julia Colla – Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Instituto de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales del Litoral, Santa Fé, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail: julialcolla@gmail.com
• Juliana Grasiéli Bueno Mota – Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul/MS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: jugeo@ymail.com   
• Juscelino Eudâmidas Bezerra – Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Brasília, Distrito Federal/DF, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: juscelinob@yahoo.com.br
• Karina Kato – Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais (ICHS), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: anirakato@yahoo.com
• Ladislau Pereira Sanders Filho – Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH), São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: ladislausanders@usp.br
• Larissa Araújo Coutinho de Paula – Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais (DCAA), Ilhéus, Bahia/BA, Brasil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: coutinholacp@gmail.com
• Leandro Vieira Cavalcante – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Centro de Ensino Superior do Seridó (CERES), Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte/RN, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: leandro.cavalcante@hotmail.com
• Lucas Araújo Martins – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: lucas.a.martins@unesp.br
• Luciano Concheiro Bórquez – Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM Xochimilco), Cidade do México, Distrito Federal, México. ORCID, E-mail: concheir@gmail.com
• Luis Daniel Hocsman – Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios  sobre Cultura y Sociedad, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail: ldhocsman@hotmail.com
• Luis Felipe Rincón Manrique – Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colômbia. ORCID, E-mail: feliperinconm@gmail.com
• Luiz Jardim de Moraes Wanderley – Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Instituto de Geociências, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: luizjardim@id.uff.br
• Marcela Alvarado – Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Quito, Pichincha, Equador. ORCID, E-mail: marcegeo@hotmail.com
• Marcelo Gomes Justo – Instituto Paul Singer, São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: marcelojusto2015@gmail.com
• Márcio Freitas Eduardo – Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Campus Erechim, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: marcioeduardo@uffs.edu.br
• Marco Antonio Mitidiero Junior – Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (CCEN), João Pessoa, Paraíba/PB, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: mitidierousp@yahoo.com.br
• Margarida de Cássia Campos – Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Centro de Ciências Exatas (CCE), Londrina, Paraná/PR, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: mcassiacampos@hotmail.com
• Maria Clara Salim Cerqueira – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais (CCHN), Vitória, Espírito Santo/ES, Brasil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: mclaracerqueira@gmail.com
• María Franco García – Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (CCEN), João Pessoa, Paraíba/PB, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: mmartillo@gmail.com
• Marta Beatriz Chiappe Hernández – Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Facultad de Agronomía, Paysandú, Paysandú, Uruguai. ORCID, E-mail: maragropolis@gmail.com
• Mateus de Almeida Prado Sampaio – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: sampamateus@gmail.com
• Matías Carámbula Pareja – Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Facultad de Agronomía, Paysandú, Paysandú, Uruguai. ORCID, E-mail: mcarambula@fagro.edu.uy
• Michele Lindner – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Geociências, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: michelindner@gmail.com
• Mônica Cox de Britto Pereira – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (CFCH), Recife, Pernambuco/PE, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: monicacoxbp@gmail.com
• Mônica Schiavinatto – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Políticas Públicas e Relações Internacionais (IPPRI), São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: monica.schi@gmail.com
• Natacha Bruna – Cornell University, Department of Global Development, Ithaca, New York/NY, Estados Unidos da América. ORCID, E-mail: natachabruna89@gmail.com
• Natalia Espinosa Rincón – Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Distrito Federal, Colômbia. ORCID. E-mail: n.espinosa@javeriana.edu.co 
• Omar Angel Arach – Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail: omararach@gmail.com
• Onélia Carmem Rossetto – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais (ICHS), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso/MT, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: carmemrossetto@gmail.com
• Patrícia Rocha Chaves – Universidade Federal do Amapá  (UNIFAP), Macapá, Amapá/AP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: patricia.chaves@unifap.br
• Peter Michael Rosset – El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Unidad San Cristóbal, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México. ORCID, E-mail: prosset@ecosur.mx
• Raisa Maria Regala – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: raisa.regala@unesp.br
• Raul Paz – Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE), Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. ORCID, E-mail: pazraul5@hotmail.com
• Roberta Figueiredo Lima – Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão/MA, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: robertabflima@gmail.com  
• Roberta Oliveira da Fonseca – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: oliveira.fonseca@unesp.br
• Rodrigo Simão Camacho – Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Faculdade Intercultural Indígena (FAIND), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul/MS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: rogeo@ymail.com
• Ronaldo Barros Sodré – Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Centro de Ciencias Exatas e Naturais, São Luís, Maranhão/MA, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: ronaldo-sodr@hotmail.com
• Roni Mayer Lomba – Universidade Federal do Amapá  (UNIFAP), Departamento de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Macapá, Amapá/AP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: ronimayer@hotmail.com
• Sam Halvorsen – Queen Mary University of London (QMLU), School of Geography, Londres, Inglaterra. OrcID. E-mail: s.halvorsen@qmul.ac.uk
• Samuel Frederico – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas (IGCE), Rio Claro, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: samuel.frederico@unesp.br
• Sedeval Nardoque – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campus de Três Lagoas (CPTL), Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul/MS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: sedeval.nardoque@ufms.br
• Silvia Aparecida de Sousa Fernandes – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Marília, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: sas.fernandes@unesp.br
• Thaís Tartalha do Nascimento Lombardi – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, São Bernardo do Campo,  São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: t.lombardi@unesp.br
• Thiago Araújo Santos – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campus de Três Lagoas (CPTL), Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul/MS, Brazil. Lattes, ORCID, E-mail: thiagosantos.ufms@gmail.com
• Valdemar João Wesz Junior – Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Instituto Latino-Americano de Economia, Sociedade e Política, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná/PR, Brazil. Lattes, OrcID, E-mail: jwesz@yahoo.com.br
• Valmir José Valério – Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Lattes,  ORCID, E-mail: valmir.valerio@unesp.br
• Víctor Martín Martín – Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Espanha. ORCID, E-mail: vbmartin@ull.es
• Virgínia Marina Rossi Rodriguez – Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Facultad de Agronomía, Paysandú, Paysandú, Uruguai. ORCID, E-mail: virossi@fagro.edu.uy
• Wendy Wolford – Cornell University, Department of Global Development, Ithaca, Ney York/NY, Estados Unidos da América. ORCID, E-mail: www43@cornell.edu
• Wilder Robles – Brandon University, Faculty of Arts, Brandon, Manitoba, Canadá. ORCID,  E-mail: wrobles@cc.umanitoba.ca

The NERA Journal publishes original articles resulting from research and critical reviews of books related to agrarian questions. The authors are required to declare that their manuscript is unpublished and is not being submitted or undergoing evaluation in another journal. Authors are encouraged to preprint submitted articles for evaluation on reliable preprint servers. In this case, authors should contact the editors of the NERA Journal before manuscript submission for further information on the process and signing of the Open Science Compliance Form, available here. We emphasize that the manuscript should only be published after evaluation by the scientific board of the NERA Journal.

In articles with more than one author, it is necessary to attach as a supplementary document the individual contribution statement. All authors must participate in the discussion of the results and in the review and approval of the final version of the work. The NERA Journal recommends that authors consult the CRediT Taxonomy. Manuscripts without the document will be automatically archived.

Authors should provide, at the time of submission (metadata), the title of the research from which the manuscript originates. After the scientific evaluation process, the research title should be inserted in the final version of the manuscript.

Title: Título (and subtitle, if applicable): should be centered, in Arial 14 bold font, with only the first letter of the first word capitalized.

English Title: Title (and subtitle, if applicable): should be centered, in Arial 12 bold font, with only the first letter of the first word capitalized.

Título en español: Título (y subtítulo, si lo hay): debe estar centrado, en fuente Arial 12 en negrita, y solo la primera letra de la primera palabra debe estar en mayúscula.

Abstract: Abstracts should contain a minimum of ten lines and a maximum of 15 lines. Abstracts should be clear, easily readable, and provide an excellent comprehensive summary of the article.

Keywords: They must be in Portuguese, English, and Spanish (minimum of three and maximum of five). The keywords must be included in the NERA Journal's keyword bank.

Language of the articles: In the NERA Journal, articles are accepted in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French.

Manuscript Length: Articles should have a minimum of 15 pages and a maximum of 20 pages.

Regarding Metadata: Authors' names should be inserted at the metadata stage and are only displayed in the file after the submission of the final version (after the scientific evaluation process). The NERA Journal does not accept the insertion of authors after the submission or acceptance of the article. Affiliation should be fully stated, including the following information: full name of the institution (institution acronym), city, state, and country. ORCID and CV Lattes link (the latter for Brazilian authors) are mandatory during the submission process. Contact email of the authors must be included at this stage. Additionally, in the metadata, there is a field for information about article funding, whose acknowledgment should be made by adding a footnote on the first page of the text stating the name of the agency, support modality (scholarship, grant, etc.), and name of the project to which the article is linked.

For articles with multiple authors, it is mandatory to submit an individual contribution declaration indicating the contribution of each author according to the 14 contribution typologies established by the CRediT taxonomy. This declaration must be signed by all authors. The file should be submitted as a PDF document as a supplementary file at the time of submission.  The addition of new authors is not permitted after the manuscript has been submitted, and particularly not after its approval. The template for the individual contribution declaration is available here.

All illustrations, graphs, figures, photographs, maps, charts, and tables should be submitted along with the submission as supplementary documents and in their original format. In the case of images and maps, they should be submitted in files with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Systematic and/or location maps of the study area should have a graphic scale, legend, coordinates, and indication of the projection used. Thematic maps should have at least orientation and a graphic scale. Additionally, if possible, we recommend that thematic maps also include coordinates and indicate the geographic projection used. The NERA Journal strongly recommends the use of other forms of language in the texts, especially cartography. Charts and tables should not have colored rows and columns.Additionally, tables should not be submitted as figures but rather in an editable format

File Naming Conventions:The manuscript file should be named as follows: "Revista NERA_title of the article". The file must not contain any author identification under any circumstances.

Citations and references should follow the current standard established by ABNT NBR 6023, which can be consulted in the summary prepared by the library of FCT/UNESP, at the following address: https://www.fct.unesp.br/#!/biblioteca2340/normalizacao/abnt/apostila-de-normalizacao/

The insertion of the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is mandatory for references that have one, following the example provided above. You can verify which references have a DOI using the following link: CrossRef Simple Text Query. Simply copy and paste the references into the appropriate field and click ‘Submit’. Wait for the results and copy the respective DOIs. All links must be active.

Graphics elements (images, figures, maps, graphs, charts, and tables) included in the body of the manuscript should be attached to the submission as supplementary documents in their original format. In the case of manuscripts with more than one author, the "Individual Contribution Statement" should be included as a supplementary document, following the model available in the guidelines for authors of the NERA Journal. NERA Journal encourages the submission of constructed and organized databases for manuscript preparation as supplementary documents.

If the manuscript is linked to research funded by any funding agency, the author(s) must, obligatorily, mention the respective funding agency. Recognition should be made by adding a footnote on the first page of the text stating the name of the funding agency, type of support (scholarship, grant, etc.), and the name of the project to which the article is linked. These same pieces of information should be inserted into the electronic form during the completion of step 2 - metadata submission (indexing).

Geographical Diversity of the Scientific Council: Considering the diversity of knowledge production in a country of continental dimensions, the NERA Journal seeks, in its editorial policy, to ensure plurality in the scientific council. The scientific council of the NERA Journal comprises members from all macro-regions of Brazil, as well as members from the following countries: Argentina, Uruguay, Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, USA, Canada, Spain, England, Netherlands, and Wales.

Gender and racial diversity: NERA Journal has sought in its editorial policies to promote gender and racial diversity both in the scientific council and in relation to the authors.

Strengthening the Debate on the Scientific Evaluation of Articles: The NERA Journal has been encouraging the scientific council to discuss the importance of the reviews issued by them, enabling the understanding of reviewers in the process of building the NERA Journal. In addition to an evaluation form consisting of 46 guiding questions, the NERA Journal annually reformulates the guidelines for scientific evaluation in collaboration with the council.

Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Center for Research Groups of the Faculty of Sciences and Technology of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brasil (CEP: 01049-010). E-mail: revista.nera@gmail.com. Phone:  +55 (18) 3229-5664