Abstract in English:

Abstract The species richness of organisms associated with altitudinal gradients tends to decline with increasing altitude, however, this pattern is not observed in mygalomorph. The present study tests the hypothesis that the richness and abundance of ground-dwelling mygalomorph spiders will be positively correlated with the increase in altitude, as well as will be influenced by variation of potential prey along an altitudinal gradient in the Brazilian semi-arid domain. Sampling took place during August 2020 to August 2021, through pitfall traps, totaling 50 traps/area/month. A total of 125 adult individuals belonging to 10 morphospecies were collected along the altitudinal gradient. Theraphosidae was the richest family in morphospecies, the most abundant mygalomorph was Neodiplotele caucaia Gonzalez-Filho, Lucas & Brescovit, 2015, Guyruita sp., and Diplura sanguínea (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896). Our results shows that mygalomorph abundance and species richness were affected by potential prey availability and not by altitude perse. Therefore, our results shows that the biotic (e.g., availability of potential preys) and no abiotic (e.g., elevation) may have a key factor to the mygalomorph spider assemblage modulation along an altitudinal gradient. The study opens precedents for further investigations on the distribution patterns of mygalomorph spiders in the Brazilian semiarid region.

Abstract in English:

Abstract This study represents an inventory of fish collected in six small tributaries from the rio Tarumã river, in the Jaru Biological Reserve, middle rio Machado, Vale do Anari town, Rondônia, Brazil. The fieldwork was carried in August 2019 and 2021 in streams of up to third order during the low water period, in a 50 m blocked stretch located 1 km upstream of the mouth of the Tarumã river. The sampling effort in each stream was standardized with five people collecting with hand-nets and seinenets for 2 hours. A total of 2.989 individuals, 64 species, 55 genera, 22 families and seven orders were captured. Seven species not identified at the species level belonging to the Cetopsorhamdia, Hemigrammus, Knodus, Microcharacidium, Paracanthopoma, Pyrrhulina, and Synbranchus, were considered as new. No exotic species was captured. The fish of the orders Characiformes and Siluriformes had the greatest abundance. Characidae was the family with greatest richness of captured species (13 species), being Hyphessobrycon agulha, Hemigrammus bellottii, Apistogramma resticulosa, and Elachocharax pulcher the species with the highest richness and abundance. This study illustrates the fish composition in a pristine area from the rio Machado and will serve as a baseline for future studies in view of the rapid replacement of forests in production systems of southern Amazonia.

Abstract in English:

Abstract Water beetles are taxonomically diverse and can colonize different environments. Sixteen families occur in Brazil, most of which have already been recorded in caves. This study presents the diversity and distribution of aquatic coleopterans in Brazilian caves based on the material deposited in the Zoological Collection of the Laboratório de Estudos Subterrâneos (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil), as well as information about their microhabitats, including cave zones, substrate, and water flow. A total of ten families (Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Noteridae, Hydroscaphidae, Elmidae, Dryopidae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae, Psephenidae, and Scirtidae) were identified in 46 caves from 12 karst and three non-karst areas. Only one troglobitic species was recorded, a Hydroscaphidae from Serra da Bodoquena karst area. New distribution records are presented, including genera that were recorded for the first time in Brazilian caves: Rhantus, Megadytes and Laccodytes (Dytiscidae), Hydrocanthus (Noteridae), Huleechius (Elmidae), Helichus (Dryopidae), and Hydrophilus (Hydrophilidae). This study also provides new relevant information on the microhabitats occupied by this fauna in caves, since for most of the taxa little information is available in the literature. The findings highlight the importance of studying material deposited in scientific collections.

Abstract in English:

Abstract Cis olivieri Mellié, 1849 is redescribed based on specimens from the type series and additional material from the Northeast and Southeast Regions of Brazil. Cis lemoulti Pic, 1923 is proposed as a junior synonym of Cis olivieri, and lectotypes are designated for both names. This study represents the first report of Cis olivieri in Brazil. Images of male and female terminalia, along with a distribution map, are provided.

Abstract in English:

Abstract The type material of species of Habralictus Moure, 1941 housed in the Museum für Naturkunde (ZMB), in Berlin, Germany, was studied, and lectotypes are designated for Neocorynura banghaasi Schrottky, 1910, Neocorynura ligea Schrottky, 1911 and Neocorynura metallica Friese, 1916. Taxonomic notes, diagnosis and redescriptions are presented. Remarks and photographs of the type specimens are also provided, including for Halictus xanthogastris Vachal, 1911.

Abstract in English:

Abstract Bat body size and some aspects of the wing shape are considered efficient indicators of bat flight performance. Here, we evaluated how body size and wing shape can be predictors of initial flight acceleration (0-10 meters) in 15 bat species (3 families) occurring in the Atlantic Forest. Two body size variables (wingspan and body mass) and three wing shape variables (relative wing loading, aspect ratio and wing tip index) were taken from 74 individuals. We carried out flight experiments with another 59 individuals, to evaluate the Initial Flight Acceleration (IFA). We used generalized linear models (GLM) to evaluate which variables were the best predictors of initial flight acceleration. Furthermore, we tested the phylogenetic signal for initial flight acceleration, and the hypothesis of phylogenetic autocorrelation for this behavior was discarded (p > 0.05). Our results show that larger species with narrow wings need to develop greatest initial accelerations to take off flight. We suggest a morphological restriction on flight, since most bat species analyzed have low values in both variables and those that have high values are only in one of these variables.

Abstract in English:

Abstract In the present study, two deep-water species of the caridean shrimp family Alpheidae are described from two localities in the Indo-West Pacific, each based on a single specimen. Bannereus kebir sp. nov. is described based on a female holotype collected at a depth of 230-243 m in the Kai Islands, Indonesia. The new species can be easily separated from the two congeners, B. anomalus Bruce, 1988 and B. chani Anker & Pachelle, 2020, by the presence of strap-like epipods on the first to third pereiopods. Salmoneusprofundus sp. nov. is described based on an incomplete hermaphrodite holotype collected at a depth of 218-225 m near Hanover Island, Papua New Guinea. This species differs from all other species of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 by the shape and armature of the enlarged minor cheliped, the elongate walking legs, and the absence of a strap-like epipod on the fourth pereiopod. It also represents by far the deepest-known member of Salmoneus, since all other known species in this genus occur at depths shallower than 90 m.

Abstract in English:

Abstract A new, brightly coloured and morphologically distinctive species of the alpheid genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 is described based on a single female specimen collected in shallow waters of Masirah Island, Oman. Alpheus sarapis sp. nov. appears to be morphologically somewhat intermediate between the A. leviusculus Dana, 1852, A. edwardsii (Audouin, 1826) and A. paracrinitus Miers, 1881 species groups, although the presence of slight sinuses on the major chela palm suggests that it may be a derived member of either of the former two groups.

Abstract in English:

Abstract A peculiar new species of ghost-shrimp from Bocas del Toro Archipelago on the Caribbean coast of Panama is assigned to the genus Trichocallia gen. nov. in the family Callianideidae. The holotype and presently the only known specimen of Trichocallia delicatula sp. nov. was collected with a suction pump on a silty-muddy bottom under a network of decomposing and partly overgrown mangrove roots. The new genus appears to be most closely related to Callianidea H. Milne Edwards, 1837, with two species in the Indo-West Pacific, and Paracallianidea Sakai, 1992, with two species, one in the western Atlantic and one in the eastern Pacific.

Abstract in English:

Abstract This study documented the species of Leucospis Fabricius, 1775 (Hymenoptera, Leucospidae) found in Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Goiás state, and Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas, Chapada Gaúcha, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Surveys were conducted using Malaise, Moericke and light traps, and sweep nets over a year, from February 2018 to May 2019. During these samplings four species of Leucospis were captured: L. claudomiroi sp. nov. Perioto and Lara (16 specimens), L. aliena Bouček, 1974 (26), L. enderleini Ashmead, 1904 (five), and L. cayennensis Westwood, 1839 (one). Leucospis aliena and L. enderleini are recorded for the first time in Goiás and Minas Gerais states, while L. cayennensis is newly recorded for Goiás.

Abstract in English:

Abstract A new species of Hyphessobrycon is described from the region of the lower rioTapajós basin, state ofPará, and tributaries of the northern bank of the Amazon River from the rio Itapiranga basin westward to the lower rio Negro basin, states of Amazonas and Roraima, Brazil. The new species exhibits a color pattern consisting in a conspicuous single humeral blotch and a conspicuous caudal peduncle blotch, a pattern shared with several congeners. It can be diagnosed from those congeners by some other pigmentary features, and from some of them by maxillary teeth, and/or branched anal-fin rays counts, anal-fin morphology, and fin hooks arrangement in matures males.The new species is most similar morphologically to a non-congener, Hemigrammus schmardae, with which it was found syntopically at the lower rio Negro but can be distinguished from it by some color pattern features. An analysis based on the cytochrome c oxidase I gene indicates that the new species is closely related to Hyphessobrycon ericae.